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D. B.
BRENAN,
P. P. PRIM,
B R E N A N & P R I M , ATTORNEYS AT LAW, Jacksonville, O.T.
Judge P. P. Prim, a native of Tennessee, though now of another
district, was regarded as a member of our [Umpqua] bar. He was elected
judge of the district, and presides with great satisfaction and
ability. As a citizen the judge is plain, unassuming and, consequently,
with his virtues of justice and generosity, is popular among the
people. He was again elected judge of the First Judicial District,
where he now presides. History
of Judicial Affairs in Southern Oregon by P. P. Prim 1878
Paine P. Prim, district judge of the first judicial
district of Oregon, born in Tennessee in 1822, came to the Willamette
Valley in 1851 and to Jacksonville, Oregon in the spring of 1852.
Engaged in mining that year. It was the mines that brought him here
from the Willamette Valley.
The first discovery of gold in the Rogue River Valley was that of Rich Gulch within the now corporate limits of the town of Jacksonville. This discovery was made by James Clugage and James R. Poole. These men had been mining at Scotts Bar and Yreka and came this way prospecting. The mine was very rich, men taking out $100 a day each, and almost immediately a large camp arose. It was placer mining, very coarse, smooth gold. In the spring of 1852 there were 1000 or 1500 men in this vicinity engaged in mining, and for twenty-five or thirty years it was continued with greater or less success. After Rich Gulch Jackson Creek mines were struck about two miles from the first discovery, then gold discoveries followed rapidly--Willow Springs, Applegate, Sterling, Jackson Creek, Poorman's Creek, and in other neighboring streams and gulches. All these diggings were in what is now Jackson County and within distance of ten or twelve miles. At this time there were no county organizations where now are Josephine, Jackson and Lake counties. In 1852, in the autumn, this whole country was organized in one county and called Jackson County; afterwards Josephine and Lake counties were set off from Jackson County. About the same time that gold was found in what is now Jackson, or if anything a little before, discoveries were made on Cañon Creek and Josephine Creek in what is now Josephine County. The man who first found gold there was named Rollins, and he had a daughter named Josephine. As good-looking young girls were scarce in those days the creek was called Josephine, and afterward the county took the same name. The town of Jacksonville was first called Table Rock, but the rock being as some thought too far away, some 12 miles, distant north from the diggings, a meeting of the miners was held which resulted eventually in adopting the name Jacksonville for the town and Jackson for the county from Gen. Jackson. Gold was also discovered in 1852-3 at Althouse Creek, Sucker Creek, Sailor Diggings, Waldo and Democratic Gulch. The mines at Althouse were shortly after their discovery abandoned as worthless, but subsequently proved very rich. A lot of sailors came over from Crescent City and discovered Sailor Diggings in 1852 and gave the name to the place. The county seat of Josephine County is Kirbyville, named after Jada Kirby, who took up a land claim covering what is now the town site. Kirbyville is situated in a valley on Illinois River, a branch of Rogue River, and being centrally located not far distant became the trading place for all the mines in Josephine County more or less. The first county seat of Lake County was Linkville, situated on Link River between Big and Little Klamath lakes. The river which links the two lakes was called Link River and so the town was settled and so named by George Nourse. The claim was taken up by Nourse, who built a hotel and a bridge over Link River which made a point on the river, all people traveling in that direction having to cross this bridge. Then followed the town, laid out by Nourse. In 1876 the legislature passed an act authorizing the locating of the county seat by vote of the people, and in 1877 it was removed to Lakeview, north of Goose Lake and west of the Sierra Nevada. A little north of Goose Lake, say ten miles, the Sierra Nevada range ends in what is known as Warner Cañon, so called cañon and valley from a man by the name of Warner who was killed there by the Indians. Bullard located the land claim on which Lakeview is situated. It is on a small creek called Bullard's Creek, and from this point there is a fine view of Goose Lake, so called by the emigrants, who found there myriads of geese when first seen by them. Clugage and Poole, after they had found gold, took up a land claim covering a part of what is now the town site of Jacksonville. Gold was found on this claim, and although they were threatened by the miners they managed to hold the claim. The miners mined wherever they pleased, paying no attention to the claimants, but the land was kept by the original locators, who laid out a town and sold and gave away lots and finally obtained a patent for the claim, Clugage getting the town site and Poole the better part of the agricultural land, 160 acres each. Each being entitled to a quarter section under act of Congress and each being obliged to live on their respective claims in order to perfect their titles to their claims, they built their cabin so that the line dividing their claims should pass through the cabin, in which one lived in one end and one in the other. This was frequently done in Oregon. In reality they were in partnership at first, that loose kind of partnership common in this country at the time. Later their respective rights were more closely defined. When in the spring of 1852 Judge Prim came to Jacksonville everybody were engaged in mining, packing and trading. There being no wagon roads leading into Rogue River Valley except the old emigrant road, which at that time was very rough, indeed so rough the wonder is how they ever got through such places as the Big Cañon running from the Cow Creek country to the Umpqua Valley--all goods were brought to Jacksonville on pack mules, principally from Scottsburg, on the coast, afterward from Crescent City, flour, butter and bacon and groceries from the Willamette Valley and Portland. To Yreka pack animals brought goods from the Sacramento Valley, but even Yreka obtained some goods by way of Oregon and the coast (Crescent City and Scottsburg). Not much attention was paid to farming until 1856, though gardens were cultivated a year or two earlier. Prices in 1852-3 were high, flour 50¢ to $1.00 a pound (and other things in proportion), the latter price being in consequence of a heavy fall of snow that winter which cut off communication for several weeks from all points. Freight was as high as 25¢ a pound from Scottsburg and elsewhere. These prices were not long maintained, however. The first courts held were by justices of the peace, called alcaldes as in California, chosen by the miners informally. The first on Jackson was named Rogers, and afterward Hiram Abbott officiated in the town of Jacksonville. Before the election of alcaldes the miners met and selected officers and judges to act for special occasions only, in short to administer arbitrary justice. One Springer had a mining claim on the left fork of Jackson Creek who was wounded by an accidental shot so that he was not able to work his claim for several months. So one Simms jumped his claim. A contest following the case was brought before alcalde Rogers, who decided it in favor of Simms, the jumper. The miners, thinking the decision unjust, held a meeting of all the miners on both branches of Jackson Creek to see what should be done about it. At this time Mr. Prim, who had kept secret the fact that he was a lawyer, not wishing to be troubled with the petty quarrels of the miners, was at work mining on the left fork of Jackson Creek. Springer in some way came to think Prim knew something about law or practice in courts, [and] went to him in great trouble, for it was a rich claim and the miners had been supporting him while recovering from his illness in order that he might go on with it afterward--went to him and begged him to help him. Prim asked him what he could do, but Springer begged so hard that Prim finally wrote a notice calling a meeting and told Springer to go to all the miners on both forks of the river and call them together. Prim would not undertake the case himself, but told Springer to employ Daniel Kenney, a brazen-faced pettifogging lawyer, to conduct the case, with Prim behind him to direct things. The people convened, Kenney, following directions, mounted a stump and proposed U. S. Hayden should be elected supreme judge to organize a court of appeals, which was done, Kenney appearing for Springer and O. Jacobs for Simms. Jacobs was afterward chief justice of Washington Territory. Springer won the case and [was] reinstated in his claim. Before this there had been an arbitrary trial and execution. It was in the spring of 1852. One Brown killed another man, shot him in Jacksonville, was arrested by the miners. A court was organized by the people, W.W . Fowler elected judge, and the trial went on with counsel on both sides, and the man was hung. The first courts held in this district were under territorial jurisdiction, Deady being first, that is U.S. district judge, for the territory, having about the same jurisdiction as district judges now. What in California are called district judges in Oregon are called circuit judges. In both states district or circuit judges go on circuits and hold court in different places, the only difference being in the name, when the circuit judges of Oregon meet as a supreme court so that they are commonly or popularly called supreme judges when they meet together and circuit judges when they are on their circuit. Judge Prim was the first judge of the first judicial district of the state of Oregon. When the territory was made a state an election was held for all state officers including judges. At this election four judges were elected for the four judicial districts of Oregon. (Since then another judicial district has been added, making five, the last being for that part of the state lying east of the Cascades.) Of the first judicial district, comprising at that time the counties of Douglas, Umpqua and Jackson, Deady was elected judge, but before acting under that election he was, through the influence of Gen. Lane, then in Congress, appointed U.S. district judge. Prim was then appointed by the governor to fill this vacancy, which then had one year to run, and has been elected to the office and served every term since. Bancroft Library. The Springer-Sims case was dramatized, with considerable artistic license, in 1962 on "Death Valley Days" in "Justice at Jackson Creek."
THERESA MARIA STEARNS, b., Jan. 29, 1839; md., Apr, 23, 1857, Judge Payne Page Prim, who, for twenty-one years, was Judge of the Supreme Court of Oregon. The following brief sketch of Judge Prim's life is furnished by his family. "Payne Page Prim was born in Wilson Co., Tenn., May 2, 1822. He received a common school education with one and one-half years at an academy, after which he taught school to acquire means to secure a legal education. Was graduated from the Law Dept. of Cumberland Univ., Lebanon, Tenn., 1848; was admitted to the Tenn. bar in 1849, and practiced law in Sparta, White Co., Tenn., until 1851, when he sought new and broader fields at the West. Upon reaching Independence, Mo., he joined an immigrant train, crossed the plains to Oregon, by means of ox teams. He engaged in mining until 1856, when he resumed the practice of his profession, in Jacksonville, Ore., where he has since resided. He was elected Prosecuting Attorney of the First Jud. Dist. of Ore., in 1856, and, in 1857 was chosen delegate to represent Jackson Co., in the Convention called to frame a State Constitution, preliminary to the admission of Oregon into the Union. In 1859, he was appointed, by Gov. Whiteaker, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the State, which position he held one year by appointment, then was elected and continued to hold it, until 1880. In 1882, he was elected State Senator for four years, and, when Mr. Cleveland became President, Judge Prim's friends urged his appointment to the Chief Justiceship of Washington Territory. Their recommendations have become public property, and are given by such men as Hon. W. W. Thayer, Hon. L. L. McArthur, Governor Pennoyer, Hon. James K. Kelly, and others. He gave up all business at the age of seventy-five, but is known to all as a man whose character has been above reproach in every walk of life, and who has taken a prominent part in developing the Judicial and Legislative branches of the State Government of Oregon." They had three children. Avis Stearns Van Wagenen, Genealogy and Memoirs of Isaac Stearns, 1901, pages 398-399 HON. CHAS. PRIM.
Charles Prim, a prominent and well-known resident of Jacksonville, and
one of its native-born citizens, holds an honored position as county
judge of Jackson County.Sketch of the Career of Jackson County's Present Incumbent of the County Judge's Office. A skillful attorney, he has brought into the practice of his profession an earnest zeal, a well-trained mind, and habits of industry that have gained for him success in the legal world. Keenly alive to the truth of the facts and the principles of the law, involved in cases brought to his special notice he is ever just in his rulings, and his decisions are rarely questioned. A son of the late Paine Page Prim, he was born July 25, 1859, in this city. Acquiring his early education in the public schools, Charles Prim subsequently took a general course in Willamette University, which he attended two years, from 1874 until 1876. Beginning his active life as a teacher, he taught first in Applegate, and afterward in Jacksonville for two years, during the time spending his vacations and leisure hours in reading law in his father's office. In 1881 he was deputy sheriff under William Bybee and subsequently deputy county clerk for six months. Being appointed deputy internal revenue gauger and store keeper in Jacksonville, Mr. Prim served in this capacity from 1883 to 1887. Resuming the study of law with his father in 1888, he was admitted to the bar in 1890. Immediately forming a partnership with his father, he continued in practice with him for eight years, when the partnership was dissolved by the death of the senior member of the firm. Mr. Prim subsequently continued as a general practitioner until 1900, when he was elected to his present position of county judge of Jackson County. August 18, 1882, Mr. Prim married Effie Bybee, a native of Jackson County, and they have five children, namely: Mabel T., wife of John F. Miller, postmaster of Jacksonville; Maude E.; Leila; Bertha L.; and Charles William Page. Politically Judge Prim is a straightforward Democrat and has served one term as city councilman. Fraternally he is a member of the Artisans, of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, of P. P. Prim Cabin Native Sons of Oregon; and Roseburg Lodge No. 326, B.P.O.E. Valley Record, Ashland, May 19, 1904, page 1 THERESA MARIA PRIM
Theresa Maria Prim was born in the state of Vermont, January 29, 1839,
and with her parents and a company of pioneers crossed the plains in
1853, settling in this valley. Her maiden name was Theresa Maria
Stearns. She was married to P. P. Prim, late justice of the Oregon
Supreme Court, at Jacksonville, April 23, 1857, and resided with her
husband and family in this place until the early nineties when they
removed to San Francisco, where they continued to reside until the
Judge's death, which occurred August 7, 1899.Widow of the Late Judge Prim Died at Chicago Last Week. Funeral Here Monday. After the death of her husband, Mrs. Prim removed to Chicago, where she lived with her daughter Mrs. Heinz, until her death last week. Mrs. Prim was a pioneer of this city and of Oregon, highly respected and greatly esteemed by a wide circle of friends and acquaintances who sincerely mourn her death. She is survived by two children: Judge Charles Prim of this city, and Mrs. Ida May Heinz of Chicago, another daughter, Mrs. Ella L. Nickell, having died several years ago. The funeral was held in this city Monday afternoon, interment being made in the Jacksonville cemetery. Jacksonville Post, June 21, 1913, page 1 The first record of the Oregon supreme court, after its organization when Oregon became a state in 1859, reads: "The first term of court was held in the village of Salem on December 5, 1859. A. E. Wait, chief justice; R. P. Boise, Riley E. Stratton and P. P. Prim, associate justices." In those days a brief session of the supreme court was held once a year. During the rest of the time the judges acted as circuit judges of the various districts. The only inconvenience of this system was that when the decision of one of the circuit judges was appealed to the supreme court of which he was a member he had to be a spectator and take no part in the deliberations and decision of his brother judges of the supreme bench. Judge P. P. Prim was from Jackson County, where, in the early days of placer gold, he mined. He is buried at Jacksonville. In June, 1858, M. P. Deady, R. E. Stratton, R. P. Boise and Aaron E. Wait were elected to the supreme court. Judge Deady was appointed by the President United States district judge for Oregon, so P. P. Prim of Jacksonville was appointed by Governor Whiteaker in Judge Deady's place to the Oregon state supreme court. Judge Prim served from 1859 to 1880. Judge Paine Paige Prim was born in Tennessee and came to Oregon in 1851. He was a delegate to the constitutional convention in 1857, and was chief justice of Oregon for three terms. Fred Lockley, "In Early Days," Oregon Journal, Portland, September 30, 1914, page 6 A Native Daughter Passes Away
Mrs. Effie Bybee Prim, wife of Judge Charles Prim, died at her home in
this city Friday morning, October 22, after an illness of several
months duration. She was aged 53 years, 7 months and 9 days.Mrs. Prim was a daughter of the late William Bybee and was a sister of Frank and J. W. Bybee of this place. She was a native daughter of Jackson County, having been born in Jacksonville, March 13, 1862, where most of her life was spent and where she had a host of friends. She leaves a husband; two daughters, Mrs. Bertha Eckelson of Portland, and Lelia, at home, and one son, Charles, Jr., to mourn the loss of an affectionate wife and mother. Funeral services conducted by Rev. Bandy of the Presbyterian church will be held at her late residence, Sunday afternoon at 2 o'clock. Interment in the cemetery at this city. Jacksonville Post, October 23, 1915, page 3 Wedding Gown Tea Stirs Memory of Pioneer Days
June days are still two months away, but interest in weddings and
brides is paramount in Medford today. All because of the intriguing
frocks, photographs and newspaper clippings brought to light by members
of the Parent-Teacher Association while planning for their "wedding
gown" tea to be held at the Colonial Club Saturday.And the groom's apparel, which the modern society editor has let slide into newspaper extinction through neglect of her pen, has returned to the spotlight via an article from the Jacksonville Times of October, 1881. The article reports the wedding of Ella Prim, daughter of the late Judge and Mrs. P. P. Prim, to Charles Nickell, the first social event to occur in the Presbyterian church of Jacksonville, completion of which was rushed for the affair. "Mr. and Mrs. P. P. Prim request the pleasure of your company at the marriage of their daughter, Ella, to Charles Nickell, October 5, 1881, in the Presbyterian church in Jacksonville. Ceremony at eight o'clock. Reception at family residence after ceremony," the yellowed invitation sent out in advance of the event reads. It is printed in the fanciest lettering of the day. The gown worn by the bride is now in the possession of the Nickells' youngest daughter, Mrs. Lewis Ulrich. It is a copy of the one worn by Mrs. Rutherford B. Hayes on the occasion of her marriage to President Hayes. It was made in San Francisco, and the bride-to-be and her mother were required to make frequent trips by stage from Jacksonville to the bay city for the fittings. Five days were spent traveling to the city and five on the return journey. Of the gown the newspaper report by "Eleane" says: "The bride was dressed in plain and brocaded cream-colored satin. Made sash basque with trimmed skirt and shirred, square train, fringed with crepe ruchings." With it went "elegant cascades" of cream-colored Spanish lace, with silk tassels and orange blossoms. "A magnificently embroidered" veil, looped with orange blossoms, was worn with the gown, as were 10-button cream-colored kid gloves and white kid sandals. (The gown is on display today in Adrienne's shop.) Then of the groom, the society editor speaks. "The bridegroom wore an elegant suit of black broadcloth, Prince Albert style, with cream-colored satin tie, kid gloves and buttonhole bouquet of orange blossoms." The ceremony was read by Rev. M. A. Williams, and following the wedding the Prims' "elegant house was ablaze with light and the spacious parlors magnificently decorated" with evergreens, autumn leaves and "most rare and beauteous blossoms." The article also mentions that the groom "is the editor and proprietor of the Jacksonville Times." The following day the newspaper ran a list of the gifts received by the bride, with the names of the givers. In J. Verne Shangle's display window today there are found further evidences of the interest aroused in wedding news of other days. Pictures of the first white couple married in Jackson County, Mr. and Mrs. Nathaniel Dean, are there. The date was November 1, 1852. Their youngest daughter and husband, Mr. and Mrs. Ed Farra of Central Point, are also shown in wedding attire. Pictures of Farine Love, bride of 1881, and her bridesmaid, and of Kate Dorwin Lockland in a gown of the same period, were also drawing much attention to the display this morning. "Another judge of that time was Judge P. P. Prim, who was born in Tennessee and crossed the plains to Oregon in 1851 when 28 years old. He moved to Jackson County in 1852 and hung out his shingle at Jacksonville. He was a member of the state constitutional convention, which met at Salem in 1857. He was appointed supreme judge in 1859. He was modest in demeanor, accurate in the law, and an ornament to the bench." Judge Thomas A. McBride, quoted by Fred Lockley, "Impressions and Observations of the Journal Man," Oregon Journal, Portland, September 14, 1941, page 30 Judge P. P. Prim, who was born in Tennessee, crossed the plains in 1851. He spent his first winter on a farm near Albany, and in the spring of 1852 moved to Jacksonville in Southern Oregon. He was elected prosecuting attorney, and in 1857 was a delegate to the state constitutional convention. In 1859, Governor Whiteaker appointed Judge Prim as associate justice to the supreme court of Oregon. He became chief justice in 1864. In 1870 he again became chief justice, and also in 1876. He continued to serve in the supreme court until 1880. "Fred Lockley's Impressions," Oregon Journal, Portland, May 2, 1943, page 60 Portland Woman Guest in Medford
Mrs. A. J. Eckelson, Portland, has
been a guest in Medford of her cousin, Mrs. Lewis Ulrich, 839 Minnesota
Avenue.Mrs. Eckelson and Mrs. Ulrich were both born and reared in Jacksonville, and both are granddaughters of Paine P. Prim, an early supreme court judge of this state. The two women visited the Jacksonville museum where a number of family heirlooms are exhibited, including the wedding gown of Mrs. Eckelson's mother, who was Effie Bybee before her wedding to Charles Prim. Mrs. Eckelson is the former Bertha Prim. This was Mrs. Eckelson's first visit to the museum, and she expressed pleasure in and approval of the institution. During the picture-taking at the home of Mrs. Lewis Ulrich, Mrs. Ulrich and photographer Bob [Vroman] discovered that she had been a playmate of his mother, the former Mable Reeve, when the two had both lived in Jacksonville as girls. Mrs. Ulrich, who was Marie Nickell, and Mable Reeve, now Mrs. E. Vroman, were both born in Jacksonville, and Mrs. Ulrich recalled the other Reeve children, Della, Lena and Clarence, whom she had also known. Reminiscing about former days in Jacksonville, Mrs. Ulrich said that she and her chums sometimes traveled to Woodville, now called Rogue River, to visit the Birdseye family and other friends. By horse and buggy, the trip took an entire day. The travelers would spend the night in Woodville, visit the next day and the third day would be spent on the return trip. Mrs. Ulrich was born in the brick house which stands near the Jacksonville museum. The home belonged to her grandfather, Judge P. P. Prim (Mrs. Ulrich's mother was Ella Prim), who came across the plains in the early 1850s when the gold fever was on the land. He later was one of Oregon's first chief justices of the state supreme court, and was one of the founders of the Pioneer Society of Oregon in 1879. "Potpourri" was especially interested in the painting by Dorland Robinson which Mrs. Ulrich owns. This gifted young woman, daughter of the pioneer physician, Dr. J. W. Robinson, died rather young but some of her works are prized possessions of Jackson County families. Her father established a drug store in Jacksonville which served residents for many years and then for a time ceased to operate. It was recently re-established and is now being operated as part of the Foster chain in the county. Olive Starcher, "Potpourri," Medford Mail Tribune, March 1, 1959, page B7 Services Held for Pioneer Daughter
Relatives here have received news of the death of Mrs. Bertha Prim
Eckelson, Portland, member of a pioneer Jackson County family. Mrs.
Eckelson died during a visit with daughters in California, and funeral
services were held Wednesday in Portland.Mrs. Eckelson, born and reared in Jacksonville, was a daughter of Judge Charles Prim and Effie Bybee Prim. Her grandfather, Judge P. P. Prim, was one of the first supreme court judges of Oregon. She is survived by her daughters, Mrs. Theresa Roth, Corte Madera, Calif., and Mrs. Edward Reville, San Francisco, and a brother, Charles Prim. Mrs. Lewis Ulrich, 839 Minnesota Avenue, Medford, is a cousin. Last revised May 30, 2024 |
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