Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    Your kind letter of 18th ult. came to hand, ten days after date, but was nevertheless acceptable. I am truly gratified to learn that the prospects are as fair in Washington I can and am happy to say to you that since I wrote you last I have had an opportunity of seeing many of our Democratic friends here, and of conversing with them about our prospects, and I find them ready for the contest. And let me say to you that, although at first the packed meeting of this county to appoint delegates to the state convention, [to] me seemed to lag--it was but the work of a few days to fully explain to our old and tried friends the attempted deception. It has served to warm up an interest, which will give us a good delegation after all. I will be there. I am happy to say.that our business can so far be ready as to admit of it, and from present appearances W. H. Walker will also go. We have the promise of many more good and true friends along with us.
    Your letter upon Oregon has been read with interest, and your speech at the Kossoth festival is highly thought of. But be careful of the extent of commitment on the Kossoth question. For myself it makes no difference, but we have various opinions on the subject of his visit to this country, in the West, and while a portion of our people are wild beyond prudence with excitement during his stay, yet I believe that a calm will follow which will cause some to look back with regret rather than pleasure upon the whole proceeding.
    Write me on reception of this, as it will be the last which can reach me before I leave for Indianapolis. Give me all the items which you can gather, as I wish to be fully prepared when I go to meet any contingency--see Lockhart's letter.
To Hon. Joseph Lane
    Washington City
        D.C.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    This morning we arrived on our way to the convention. It rains like the Devil, and I can't get about. We had a fine time up in company with Gov. Powell, who gave us some good advice. He pledges the electoral vote of Ky. for the nominee, whoever he may be. A. M. Phelps goes from Warwick to the Whig con., while we number 4, to wit, John Darling, W. H. Walker, Ben Stinson & myself, all good and true. John Lam [John Lamb?] will be at the convention--we will be close alongside of him. We leave immediately on the mail boat, and I have not time to say more.
To Genl. Lane
    Washington City
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    On Friday, the delegation from this county to the state convention got home. I will not attempt to give you a report of its doings, as I suppose ere this you are in the possession of it officially--nor can I pretend to give you but the faintest idea of the enthusiasm which pervaded the assembled multitude. I remember nothing of the kind since the days of Jackson. We reached the city on Saturday at 2 o'clock and were informed that the Democratic headquarters was at the Capitol House, to which we repaired, scarcely being able to get our heads into the house. When I made known to Kane the object of our mission, he kindly did all to make us comfortable. As soon as I had fairly got into the house, Michael Bright hunted me up and took me to his room, where I found Nat Albertson and many choice spirits, and it was not long until I was fully admitted into what they called the "Ring."
    Bright read me your letter to him, in which you kindly referred to me, for which I feel under great obligations, as it afforded me a full opportunity of acting in concert with them on the great matters for which we had come together, and as being a full introduction to many valuable acquaintances--which otherwise I might not have made. At once the plans were made known to me, and I was asked how our delegation felt, to which I could safely say that all who came with me were true as steel. (John Lam had not arrived.) I was asked if we wished Lam for the judgeship--I said "No," that we wanted him for nothing, having no confidence in him. This flew like wildfire, and I was asked what was the matter, by some, but I found others were posted. Well from Saturday noon until Monday night, and indeed until the convention had so far fixed the matter as to be safe, your true friends never for one moment put off the armor. Those who were at first in some doubt, or were afraid of commitment, seeing the tide of feeling in your favor, came in, and I can advise you that such harmony, and such warm enthusiasm, was seldom if ever witnessed amongst so large a concourse of people. I tell you that the sign is right, and no mistake, in Indiana. Very few compromises were allowed to those who were in any way tinctured, with Cass, Douglas or anyone else. My answer to all such was that Genl. Lane, nor his true friends, asked any complimentary votes or action. I cannot close without saying that I received important aid from my colleagues, and to mention the fact that James H. Lane, John Pettit, Col. Dumont, old father Gamaliel Taylor of Madison and many others who made speeches during our convocation took strong grounds in your favor. Indeed, no other grounds were taken by any, neither would it have been tolerated before the assembled thousands. Capt. Kane was in his glory--Col. May & Maj. McCoy, as also Stewart of Marion County.
    Your family are well, as I learn from Mary--who has been at Mr. Mitchell's for several weeks.
To
    Genl. Joseph Lane
        Washington City
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Genl. Lane
    Dear Sir,
        I suppose that ere this you have letters from John Mitchell; he told me that he would write you from New Orleans. How long he may be absent I do not know; however, if there is anything to be attended to in his absence a line to that effect is all that is required. Your family are well, I believe. I have not yet had an opportunity of paying my respects to them this spring in consequence of engagements very numerous. I hope that you enjoy the atmosphere of Washington City. I think from present appearances that I will visit you while I am East in July. The political horizon seems no less favorable for you than before. I am satisfied that Cass cannot carry any very considerable number of the Roman Catholic votes. Many of our best and warmest Democrats amongst that sect here say that they will not support Cass, in consequence of the Hungarian question, I suppose. Be that as it may, I am glad that from the first I have denounced the humbug. John Lam is the only one here who takes the so-called Democratic Review.
    And you may allow me to suggest that I should not be surprised if he is one of its letter writers on the Douglas cause. A good choice in place of Gov. Brown on the ticket for delegate to the state at large is made in R. D. Owen. This ought to have been done at the first, but some of the same parties who made Dr. Davis and the old Gov. both delegates juggled the thing out and pulled the wool over the eyes of the President of our convention in the selection of the nominating committee.
    You have many, very many, friends good and true in Indiana, and several "complimentary friends"!!
    Baymiller, from Madison, has been here for the purpose of locating with a Democratic press. I had supposed that he would [have] before this made a commencement. I don't know him; he comes well recommended, so says report. Bryant has been here [and] ordered me by his attorney to collect the land taxes of 1851 on the land sold him by you. Mr. Mitchell said let it go, and so I did. The matter will remain until you return and then you can do as you wish about it. Between us I don't think overmuch of that b-----. If any new features develop themselves at Washington, drop me a line.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Genl. Lane,
    Dear Sir,
        W. H. Chandler Esq. visits Washington, and perhaps you may be of service to him. You may be informed that this administration appointed him P.M. [postmaster] at Evansville, which appointment was not confirmed by the Senate, owing to the interference of Whigs here. Mr. Chandler so far as I am capable of judging is a good officer, of whom the Democracy do not complain, and [it was] only the Whigs who wished to displace him. It is understood that the appeal was made to Mr. Whitcomb, and that through his influence the Senate refused to concur. If so, you can do much with Mr. W., and I do assure you that if the President reappoints Mr. C. that Mr. Whitcomb can lose nothing by complying with the request. Mr. C. only asks it as a matter of justice, and so I think it is, in the absence of any charges against Mr. C.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    Yours of 15th April was duly received, but its answer delayed until I could get to your house. I saw Mrs. Lane and the family on Sunday. The sloughs are full, so that I forded many times in getting there. I was happy to find all well. The high water has done much damage to all the bottom farmers, not more than usual, except that they will be behind the season in planting, as nothing can be done for some time yet in that way. News here is awfully barren, nothing of interest in the political world, except a little disaffection in our own ranks. The John Lam faction, to which is added Drew & Todd, with a few friends, may give us trouble for a time. The death of Saml. T. Jenkins was the means of bringing into requisition the appointing power of Gov. Wright. In its exercise he disregarded the petition of Democrats and took those of Whigs and renegade Democrats, Lam, Drew & such--which has shown one thing clearly, as they are not friends of yours. We will look to it. Dr. Walker will be in Baltimore in good time and will be posted as to the right course  I see by the papers that Scott is to be the Whig candidate. Well, we believe we can beat him. How to do it with Cass or Douglas I know not, but even with them I think we can do it, although I could wish it in another quarter.
    In regard to the taxes of the land, no difficulty can come of it. It is not listed to you, and if anyone is liable the parties in whose name the land is placed alone would be liable. I expect to leave home for the East as soon after my settlement in June as I can get off. If Congress is then in session I shall make my way to Washington first. I will notify you of my departure.
    I have given W. H. Chandler a letter to you. He will call on you and Jas. Whitcomb on private business. I do not see that any harm can come of the recommendation given by me to Chandler, as he has been badly used by his Whig friends.
    By the way, we get no news from Nat. How is it, your papers from Oregon come to this office, but are sent by the office at which they are printed, I suppose. Deeming them of interest to you I have ordered them forwarded to Washington.
    Exceedingly large emigrations to California from this place have taken place; whole families have gone, together with those from other quarters. I fear much suffering on the plains this season. If any new features are presented in the canvass at Washington please to inform me.
To
    Hon. Joseph Lane
        Washington City
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    I wrote you after receiving your letter and visiting your family, since which I have heard but little of Mrs. Lane and children. Simon is recovering slowly.
    The time is fast approaching for the convention. Dr. Walker will be in Washington in time. I have suggested to him the necessity of vigilance constant. John Lam will be at Baltimore, as I learn. He is very active for Douglas, is doing his best to induce delegates to believe that Douglas is the man and that he is Indiana's choice. He says that the delegation from this state, of course, will give a complimentary vote for Lane, but after that is done she will, and that it is in her interest, to cast the vote for D. He may do much mischief at Washington and Baltimore. He will not scruple to tell members and delegates from other parts of the country that Indiana does not intend more than a compliment. He is, sir, unprincipled enough for any emergency. I wrote to R. E. Owen but did not receive an answer.
     By the way, John J. Chandler has recd. by mail a copy of what he calls the biography of Genl. Joseph Lane, in pamphlet form, though I have not seen it. It purports to be written by a western man. I do not know how to treat it; is it a correct copy, or has any authority's copy been put into circulation, or has there been fraud and foul play in company.
    The article spoken of affords the Whigs a large amount of fun--it is kept so close that I fear it is a hoax.
    Will Maj. McCoy, R. D. Owen, Mr. Stewart of Indianapolis and Albertson be on hand. I have cautioned Dr. Walker that as the vote of Indiana is to be given as a unit, that great care should be taken in the selection of the man to cast the vote. Dr. Davis, Wm. J. Brown & John Lam (who I fear will have a seat in the convention) will try to cheat your friends out of their wishes and the wishes of those who sent them. I wish that Lam could be kept from a seat; he is an arrant knave.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    Yours of 15th instant came duly, for which I am greatly obliged, as also for several copies of the biography. With it I am much pleased. They are well received by the people, and read with avidity. Dr. Walker is by this time well nigh at Washington. See him and converse freely with him; give him all the information as to the possible movements of parties. I send to your care a letter for Dr. Walker; it contains an extract from the Statesman, which speaks for itself. I have recently seen a table showing the electoral votes of 1848 & '52, by which is shown that Scott will have a hard time of it, but the most interesting part of it is that the writer sets down as truth that the great battle is to be fought in the states of Ohio & Indiana. If so, what care should our delegates exercise. There is the more necessity of an unbroken front, which matters I have written to Dr. Walker.
    The Douglas faction here seem to see this matter and are beginning to be alarmed. John Lam, whom the Indianapolis convention refused to send, is going to Baltimore, and for what you may well imagine. He no doubt has written to every delegate from our state, as he has used every means with Dr. Walker to induce him to the belief that Douglas is the choice of Indiana, and that only as a compliment to Lam will the first vote be given. He, Lam, goes to Baltimore, a corrupt trading politician, to do all the harm he can to the choice of Indiana in that convention. (Show this to Lockhart. I would write to him but am not able.) I do wish that his influence there could be checked, as he does not reflect any opinion but his own. This [was] apparent from the fact of the action of the convention last winter at Indianapolis--when your enemies dared not cheep.
    Call Lockhart to see to Lam there, as I am attending to him at home.
    Your family are well.
    You will have to get an interpreter for this sheet. I can hardly write in consequence of rheumatic infection of the arm.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    Your very kind letter came to hand 11th inst. On Sunday I went to see Mrs. Lane, who was at Newburgh on a visit at Mary's. I left the letter you sent me and looked at the hogs. They are quite fine pork, and will pay much better than when you left. I will do as you request in reference to them. I was to have gone up today to tell Simon where to take them to be slaughtered, but I am very unwell, too much so, almost to write. I sent word up, and they will be killed this week. When done I will give you an account of them and send the money to Mrs. Lane. I must leave this country, and I am more fully impressed every day with the importance of my going to Oregon.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library


Genl. Lane
    Dear Sir,
        On yesterday I attended to the weighing of Mrs. Lane's hogs. Of the 29 delivered the whole weight was 4867 lbs., 3477 at 5¾ cts., making net $276.37, which is in my hands subject to her order.
    I shall call in a few days if my health allows and pay her the amount if not ordered sooner. I am not well, and have recd. nothing from you or the Judge. Everything is dull here except daily communications recd. from far and near, for letters of commendation to you and others, asking favors in various ways.
    The truth is, I have but little concern for any of them, except our old friend Dr. John T. Walker, who is desirous of getting the position of Surgeon to the Marine Hospital at Evansville, and I should be glad to see him get it. His services in Mexico ought to be some recommendation to him.
    He is as well qualified as any other who may apply [and] has had, as you know in part, as much experience as any hire.
    I should be glad to hear from you as soon as you decide whether you will go overland or by sea to Oregon. Many inquiries are made of me on the subject.
    I shall go to Oregon, if I live, as soon as I settle up my little private business, and should be glad to go in the spring, could matters be arranged to that end.
    In reference to the position which we spoke of, I leave the whole matter with you. I know that it would be very beneficial to me to go out under that kind of an assurance which would give me time to look about me with safety. My desire is not for public office, as you will see if I get there. I am over-anxious to sever my connection with public life at an early day.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Genl. Lane,
    Dear Sir,
        Yours of 2nd came duly to hand. I am under many obligations to you for the kind manner in which you are pleased to speak of my prospects of success. Nothing new has occurred here except that great loss to the bottom renters has been caused by high waters in our county. Many have lost all. I saw your son Simon two days ago. All were well; he informs me that Mr. Shelby has made up his mind to go out to Oregon in the spring. Illness has prevented me from seeing Mrs. Lane to hand her the proceeds of the pork, but it is in readiness, and Simon told me that she had no immediate use for it.
    By the way, Genl., allow me here to speak of your son Simon. That young man has promise in him. He is a manly fellow. I never had an opportunity to know him until our transaction in relation to the sale of the pork, but of his qualities you perhaps need no commendation from me.
    So far as regards my prospects, Genl., I wish you not to inform any person from here as to what I may want, or have the prospect of getting. The bloodhounds here are eager to know, and in consequence of their own defeat will seek to defeat me if they can.
    You and Judge Lockhart know all I can tell you in regard to my fitness, and I will leave the whole matter with you. I do not expect to be able to be in Washington at the time the appointments are made, as the heaviest part of my collections will be made this year from first to middle of March, and the labor cannot be trusted to anyone else. You do not think (I suppose) that it will be material. Your knowledge of my official life, for nine years as a collector, I suppose will be recommendation enough.
    Please to write me if anything occurs new, and as early as consistent tell me if you are likely to go out as Gov.--or will you offer for reelection as Delegate.
    My own wish is that you go out as Gov. A day or so ago I run across an article in the Evansville Journal, under Chandler's control, that I send you, and it has added another reason to my former opinion as to the governorship of Oregon.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    Your letter of 3rd inst. came to hand on yesterday, for which please to accept my thanks. In it you make mention of the action of Congress in regard to Oregon. I had notice that the subject of a division of the original Territory was up and supposed that likely it would pass. This of course doubles the chances for the friends of the administration in that quarter, and I suppose that enough of them are, or will be, expectants for the position created by that division. You are kind enough to mention my name in connection with a very important post, at least of honor, if not of profit, being wholly unacquainted with its duties. I am not prepared to make a suggestion upon the subject further than to say that I have very serious doubts if my feeble capacity would enable me to do credit to the country or myself. My whole life for nine years having been directed to figures and collections, rather than law books and legal forms, and it would (if every other obstacle was removed) mortify your feelings exceedingly to have been instrumental in placing an individual in a position where he might bring up on you, and himself, but ridicule, besides I apprehend that many more competent will be in readiness to receive those positions congenial to their habits of life, men who have taken an active part in the measure at home.
    Looking to your own future prospects, I submit it whether it would not be less likely to create jealousies at home to give me, if anything, an appointment under the United States government other than connected with the Territory. I have spoken thus plain from a conviction of policy. You will recollect that we were speaking of one of the custom houses. I suppose that if a division of the Territory takes place, that both of those positions will be made equal as to salary. Still if there was a chance for me at Astoria, being a little further south, I should be glad of it, but of all these matters I leave you to be the judge.
    I should be glad to hear from you as to what you think of all things herein contained and as to the duties of and salary of Secretary of the Territory.
    I was on the eve of writing to Michael G. Bright and Hon. Jesse D. Bright for their help in connection with your own to the position as Astoria, but will wait your answer to this letter.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    Your enclosure under date of 6th inst. came to hand this morning. Mitchell is not in the city, and I in the midst of the collections and could not leave to see Bryant, so I thought I would take the responsibility of making sale of the note, at the rates below, all of which I hope will be satisfactory. You did not say whether you wished the funds sent East or left at home, but as you allude to the possibility of your sailing from New York, I have taken the liberty of sending check on that city.

	Amt. of Bryant's note	453.00
	Amt. of discount on same	5.00
		448.00
	Check at ¾ per ct. $3.34	3.34
	Net proceeds	$444.66

Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    On yesterday morning I received your letter of 6th inst. and in the hurry only took time for a few moments to cash Bryant's note, get the funds in shape and enclose to you. On Saturday I gave Mrs. Lane 276.37/100 in gold by the hands of Mr. Floed, who told me that they had not recd. anything from you for a good while and were anxious.
    I am sorry to learn that it has become necessary for you to leave Washington so early, but I suppose it is all right. With your absence from Washington my hopes are weakened very much, and as we have always corresponded freely I will now tell you my reasons--in the first place Judge Lam will be there and exert his whole influence against me of course, for my Indianapolis movement last winter, and he will be backed by all his friends real or pretended here, and what is still more humiliating to me, a fact which I have now just learned here that Lockhart is in continued correspondence here with my bitterest enemy, one who will go, and has gone, all lengths for my defeat. He has posted him in every movement which I have made, told him of the probable chances which I might have, which has enabled him to put forth all his strength in opposition to me. To the post which I had thought most of, you will (if it is made public before you leave) find an applicant from Knox or Davis County, with a petition signed by the Democratic members of the Indiana Legislature, in which the man has taken an active part, and what is still more unfair, this very individual was Lockhart's enemy when a candidate before the district convention. You will be ready to say that my conclusions are hasty. I tell you no, the information can be relied upon whether Lockhart has been duped or whether voluntary. I know not nor will I stop to ask, for the injury is done and cannot be altered. In this I do not want an explanation from Lockhart, nor do I wish him to know that I am informed, and I should not have troubled you, in the hurry in which you must find yourself on the eve of your departure for Oregon, only that the relations of friendship existing between us forbid that I should allow you to leave uninformed.
    Now, my dear friend, your forbearance is asked for this long story wholly relating to myself, and believe me I shall always be ready to serve you, as far as my feeble capacities may be required.
    You can rely upon me for any assistance which I can render your family in getting ready or repairing to the point of embarkation.
    What I have written above keep to yourself; as a matter of policy I ask this. I could say more but 'tis enough.
Hon.
    Joseph Lane
        Washington City
            D.C.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    Some days since I wrote you enclosing check for proceeds of Bryant's note, and would be glad to learn of its safe arrival. Please drop me a line on its arrival.
    Two of our friends will have petitions to the new administration for positions, Hon. W. R. Greathouse and Mr. J. C. Jewell Esqr. Greathouse you know well; he applies for the command of the snagboats on the Ohio & Mississippi rivers. Under the act of appropriation it is thought that they may soon be brought into requisition. It is perhaps needless for me to speak of Greathouse's capacity for that post, as you know him. But it is competent for me to say that I believe him qualified; he is young and energetic and there is [omission] come out in him. He sustains a high reputation at Indianapolis this winter for energy, application and industry, and I have no doubt of his rendering entire satisfaction to the government if appointed.
    The other, Mr. J. C. Jewell, is one of the firmest Democrats I ever knew; his whole family here and connections are Whigs, and notwithstanding he has always been firm, and I am quite sure that no man here possesses better qualifications for the station he asks (Surveyor of the Port of Evansville) than he does. Both these men I should be glad to see succeed. If consistent with your engagements you would do me a favor by giving some attention to their petitions.
    I had intended to go and see Mrs. Lane, but for the badness of the weather, but I learn that all are usually well.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    I wrote you on yesterday in reference to two friends here, and at the time forgot to include another of our good friends, who will be an applicant for position. I mean our mutual friend, James Roquet Esq., a friend of yours, the architect of our courthouse, now in progress of erection.
    He is every way justified for the position asked, a clever fellow, and a true Democrat. If the building of the Marine Hospital at Evansville is entrusted to his hands, its speedy completion and excellent workmanship is sure. He has great experience, energy and industry, and I should be glad of his success. You would oblige him, and me, by doing what may be in your power for his petition.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    Once more before you leave Washington I thought I would write. I have annoyed you much this winter by writing, for which I hope you will bear with me. I have felt great anxiety in regard to your position in the coming administration, believing that much of the prosperity of Oregon depended upon the position you might take. The impression was that you would go out as Gov. This, though it might not be the most conducive to your interests in a pecuniary point, is the most desired by all wishing to emigrate to that country.
    But I suppose that you have determined to return for the purpose of running for Delegate again, and this no doubt is the wish of the people of the Territory. This, though it may disappoint some, I hope may prove beneficial to you. In whatever position you will have the cooperation of your real friends.
    The people have great confidence in your ability to manage the affairs of the Territory as Gov. Not that their confidence is less in you as Delegate, but all who know you with whom I have met are anxious to enjoy your society and presence in the Territory.
    Your very kind letter acknowledging the receipt of the check was received in due time. Be kind enough to write me whether the bill for the division of Oregon passes, and its conditions as to the officers spoken of therein.
    By the way, I was called upon the other day and asked if I had or was authorized to pay money for you, a small note in the hands of Judge Moon of Booneville, for some $20, one that it was supposed you had forgotten. I told the Judge that I would mention it to you and no doubt but that you would satisfy it, if it was a just demand.
    Do you intend returning to Indiana or will you sail from N. York.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



    By reference to telegraphic dispatches, it will be perceived that R. W. Dunbar, Esq., of this city, has been appointed Surveyor of the port of Milwaukie, Oregon. We don't know what this office is worth, but presume it is of some importance. We are glad Bob has been one of the chosen. He is a first-rate fellow, and deserving of even more from his party.
Evansville Daily Journal, Evansville, Indiana, March 22, 1853, page 2




Dear Genl. Lane,
    I have written you a long communication from Portland, relative to business of my own, which I hope you may get in due time. I now write you as usual upon the business of another. On yesterday at Milwaukie I had a conversation with our mutual friend (at least so I find him) Robert E. Random, a merchant. He tells me that it was intended that he instead of Whitcomb was to have had the post office but that, through some little informality, [paper loss] of the given name in full, perhaps, his commission was not forwarded, and that Whitcomb, or his clerk, was given the place. Now I have the recommendation of Genl. Palmer, Mr. Waterman & others to say that the appointment of Robert E. Random would be a good selection.
    I would not meddle with this matter only for the complaints every day making here against the management of the office at Milwaukie.
    On becoming acquainted with gentlemen here, I am told that many documents & papers in my name have been seen in the office, none of which can be found now. In connection with this matter it is thought here that Mr. Whitcomb, himself, is but the deputy, and that the clerk spoken of was the one appointed, and if so, I want to say that the clerk referred to has cleared out long since.
    I am about to have a connection in business in this city; that is my present purpose. I think it will pay something perhaps. I like the plan exceedingly, and may someday locate here. The weather is fine.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



My Dear Genl.
    Since you left I have been at Milwaukie again and also at Oregon City. I have again heard of Whitcomb's threats of vengeance on me if I do not come under his control. Through Stephen Coffin I learn that he says that he either has or will protest to the Department against me.
    Now that the Department at Washington may not act unadvisedly in the premises I wish to put you in the possession of these facts. I have an office at Milwaukie at the store of R. E. Random, our mutual friend, and he is my clerk to attend to any and all public business in my absence and is so instructed by me that if any business should arise when I am not there, he will at once dispatch for me a messenger. I have not [been], nor will I be at any time, farther off than six miles from my post, and at all times continue to do my duty to the government, and you may be assured that no duty to the Department shall be neglected while I hold the post at Milwaukie.
    You are aware that envy, and not a wish to benefit the public service, actuates him, as can be shown by petition and signatures here, if it were required.
    I dislike to trouble you with these small matters of mine, but you know how I am fixed, and you know the cause of his enmity.
    You know also that I am compelled to make other shifts for support than the office, and still I can assure you that while I hold the office its duties shall not be neglected, even for that.
    With many thanks for your kindness on former occasions
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    Since you left nothing of importance has transpired out of the usual course. Your folks are well. Nat & Shelby are doing well. By the way, Genl., I am truly glad that Nat and yourself are out of the mill at the present. McCracken is elected chief clerk to the Council, and Garret is elected chief clerk to the House. In regard to the mill, it is doing nothing. No wheat, and the high water is the cause I suppose, although as yet no damage has been done by it. Mr. Davis, the new Gov., has arrived and is well received and is particularly courted by such men as Holbrook, Dryer, Preston, Hamilton and the leaders of that party.
    The fire is kept up by Bush against the adm. in personal attacks against Judge McFadden. The propriety of such a course is very doubtful, in my opinion.
    In regard to myself I have been in this city for 15 days, have my store in order with about $3000 worth of mixed goods--and although it is very dull in this end of the valley, I cannot complain, for with my stock, purchased as it is to a great disadvantage, I have done my share of business. I have reduced my expenses to the lowest possible scale, and give my whole attention to trade. I meet with kind words of encouragement from many, and am daily extending my acquaintance favorably.
    In regard to the money matters, of which I spoke to you before you left, have the kindness to remember in time. You can direct it to Dr. Walker or to Lewis Howes, who is the one responsible at the insurance office at Evansville, for the one thousand dollars, which is due by first day of Feby. next. Your kindness in this matter will relieve them and place me under renewed obligations to you. You had better direct to Walker or Howes, as one of them will surely be at home.
    I should be pleased to receive a line from you at any time, and will as usual give you what news I can gather at all times as to the moving of the waters hereabouts.
Hon. Joseph Lane
    Washington City
        D.C.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl. Lane,
    I have news from home that the old "homestead" has passed into the hands of "Jno. O. Dunn." I am, & have no doubt but you are, glad that it has passed out of "Bryant's" hands. The news from the old home begins to come in by every mail. Everything is prospering at Evansville.
    You will recollect the matter with "Lewis Howes" which I spoke of to you. My old friends wish me back, but that cannot be. I am every day becoming more & more identifiable with Oregon. Business is increasing, and though it is very dull, I am doing my share of what is doing. I have no doubt but I shall do very well by the end of the year.
    Robt. E. Random was here today & has heard nothing of his matter in regard to the p. office.
    Genl. Adair spent the best part of 3 days with me last week on his way to "Salem" for the purpose of gathering up proofs & papers relative to the "suspended accounts" of the Department. The Genl. was much depressed, having only a day or two before he left home barely escaped a heavy loss of funds by "theft." The circumstances were these. A man who had slept in his office for a long time managed to abstract the "key" of his "iron safe" and took $3,500 from it and secreted it in the woods, was suspected, informed on by an accomplice, and after various strategies made use of to make him give up the money or tell the hiding place, all of which proved unsuccessful, they tried the "hemp" and after various trials at that means, when his neck began to feel the rope in good earnest, he "caved" and gave up the whole of it without loss of a dollar and was made to leave the "Territory" in haste.
    This thing has delayed the Genl. from collecting the required proofs about the payment of some money, which you know all about.
    As regards myself, the Genl. tells me that the U.S. Appraiser is going to recommend the abolishment of all of the offices of surveyor & inspectors on the Columbia, and the establishment of one at "Astoria." This will "knock our trotters up." He suggests my offering for the post, if the office should be created, which I should not do if the others remain.
    Things move on smoothly with the exception of the "better" feelings manifested all over this country in regard to the "Daydie" [Deady] affair. They are making it very unpleasant for "Judge McFadden." [O. B. McFadden was appointed as a replacement for M. P. Deady.] And I think will be productive of much harm to the Democracy. Gov. Davis is pretty well liked. He is managing his card for a higher "shot." [I] think he will "slip up." Garret is chief clerk to the Council, but is thought not to be very efficient. McCracken is chief clerk to the House.
    Guthrie is conducting the mills and doing very well, so he says, is working hard and is deserving of success. Dr. McLoughlin is moving in regard to the "Oregon City claim," has a vast amt. of subscribers to his petition asking the Legislature to memorialize Congress in regard to his "rights," and claims the "Island" and all. Guthrie is on nettles, and at work.
    Your folks are all well as far as heard from. Write to me often and believe me
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    I have written several times to you since your departure from this Territory. Up to this time I have not had a line from you. I should be much gratified to hear from you occasionally, if you can do so without inconvenience. I am still plodding along in my small business, have made a very favorable acquaintance among the people of Oregon in a business point as far as I have met them. I am operating with a stock amounting to about $4000. For the first 3 months I sold $2200 worth, though at low profits, have done all under the circumstances that could have been expected, fully as much as many with larger capital, but you may be apprised of the fact that all business is prostrate in Oregon--the times and money as tight as I ever saw them in the States. Everybody is discouraged, and still times grow closer. These things have led me to look into the causes. They are numerous. I propose to give you, as I hope I may do, and not be thought meddlesome or intruding, my views upon one point.
    The various acts of Congress granting land to actual settlers, having been complied with by many who have large tracts of it, and their proofs, being made in conformity to said acts, have occupied the required time, and now await some further action by the proper department to grant "patents." This thing is desired by many that they may be able to subdivide their larger claims and make sales, again, by "good" titles to those who would "till" the soil. You are aware that as the matter now stands, no titles can be given, thus forbidding the settlement of much valuable country, for the present holders will not cultivate and cannot sell to those who would, and thus is the country, in my opinion, languishing.
    I do believe that were the government to commence to issue "patents" to those who are now entitled to them, it would make a very material change in Oregon for the better--instead of those who hold large "unworked" claims, selling a little stock to meet the current expenses, they would part with portions of their lands to those who would work them, and being in turn stimulated by the activity of their more industrious neighbor, would likewise turn their attention to their remaining farm, or sell and give place to those who would, with the issue of patents, the subdivision and sale of the land, commence anew the prosperity of Oregon. Another idea in this connection, if the government at home delay the issue of patents, the number will increase, and continue to do so until when a commencement is made 10, aye, 20 years will not reach some of them. This idea was suggested by the delay in the issue of patents at home for soldiers' claims, many of which are not yet issued. While this is going on, many of these grants are being involved in endless "lawsuits" by the death of parties. Lawyers are already chuckling over the rich harvest in the prospect, and would gladly delay and entangle the matter as far, and as long, as possible. My view is begin now to "issue" patents according to fulfillment of stipulations between the parties.
    I have but little faith in legislating away hard times, but were you here, you would I think agree with me that this thing ought not be delayed.
    I learn that Mr. B. Preston is to be the next Whig candidate for Congress. Look well to it, for he is always laying plans to that end, and has some weight with the people. He expects to urge as a hobby [i.e., obsession] the fixing up [of] these land claims. Yours are well as far as I can learn. Mr. Bush has written you on the subject of Oregon City river front. I concur in opinion with him, and when I can get the full facts I will write you.
Hon. Genl. Lane
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    I have written you once since I recd. yours containing notice of the assumption of the debt at Evansville. Howes [illegible]. I have learned that the note you refer to is in the hands of a man at Shoalwater Bay. I will meet it as fast as I can, soon as I can see the person holding it. At all events no damage shall accrue to you on account of delay or costs on the balance at Evansville.
    In consequence of the utter deadness of business in Oregon, I found it to be prudent to close out my concern at Oregon City, which I did 20th this month after having barely cleared my expenses. When first I commenced I felt flattered at the prospect of success in trade, but now all is flat and I feel glad that I have made the escape in safety. Had I continued I should have become involved, as money grows scarce every day. Many large houses are winding up and going away, but enough of this. As "Shelby" tells me, he has given you a true statement of facts in regard to business in Oregon.
    I am now clerking for Raleigh, for a time, do not know what I may do, but will use myself to the best advantage until I can say I am free of debt. I now regret your assuming that debt, but 'tis too late.
    The political wireworkers are busy in your absence--of all the corrupt doings in an underground way which I ever saw to prepare the public mind for a future contest the Oregon Democracy can far [illegible] them. One movement is to displace Waterman for his advocacy of you; the other paper they can control. Those engaged operate on the people by saying that the "Times" is not strong enough for the locality, and that another must take its place, but it will leak out that he is obnoxious to the "Durham Democracy." Mark what I say, and in politics I don't err very far. The war message of President Pierce is well recd. in regard to Cuba--all correct. I am always for the "next war." The Whigs always for the "last war." Back up the President with the whole power of the government.
    Your folks here are well. We seldom hear from Umpqua. Nat is at Corvallis, and I fear for him in these awful times, as he has invested all in trade. Goods are sold with the smallest possible profit, and a little mishap might be ruinous to him.
    I hear that Simon is coming over the plains this season. I fear he will be disappointed.
    George B. Wagnon is 12 miles below Salem, and I am told is well satisfied. Saml. B. Garrett is by this time back in the States. He left rather reluctantly but could find no encouragement to stop longer. Guthrie up to very lately was buoyant, but recently is becoming uneasy. He wants to engage rather soon in politics I fear. It is not given to every man to succeed in that department.
    Write me often as you find time.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    By last mail I  had the satisfaction of receiving your letter of the preceding month. I learn by private letter that the post at Milwaukie is to be discontinued very soon, as I am not in trade now and supposing that I would soon be thrown up on my own resources entirely. I was obliged to betake myself to the old trade. I am now at work again in this city--at moderate wages, shall continue for a time. I believe I told you that I had sold my entire stock of dry goods after giving my whole attention to the business for 5 mos. I am the loser $250 and put in all my salary or nearly so. I now regret your compliance with the request I made of you before you left for Washington, as I fear that your expectations here may not be realized. As soon as you could wish all that can will be done. You see I am not idle.
    Pratt & co. have been making "threats" of my removal because I don't live at Milwaukie. I have a clerk, but can' t live there myself. This you know; in fact the business of Oregon is "gone." Money is gone. I know not what is to become of those who can't get away. I propose going to the "Colorado." A company are organizing to start in Sept. for that region, I amongst the rest, in quest of "gold," "Jack Larreson" as guide, and Dr. Jno. Evans as conductor. The company is to number 30 or 40 men, well provided for a trip of 6 to 8 months under a proper organization. The Dr. has kindly consented to vary his explorations into that country and for its safety and success to take command of the expedition. We have a good set of substantial men, mostly men of families.
    Well, another of the government's appointees has been "garroted," unheard, as usual, Gen. Lovejoy, than whom I have not met a more diligent and faithful officer. My store was directly under his office, and I can bear testimony to his untiring industry to the duties of the office he held and that only, any and all statements to the contrary notwithstanding. The Genl. had given up his practice to Mr. Kelley, is poor, having had reverses of a peculiar character, now finds himself thrown out of a position which afforded him a living. I am truly sorry that the administration find it necessary to remove her appointees without a cause to make room for men professing the same political sentiments. The Democratic cause is and has suffered by the course pursued by the administration. The present policy continued and by the time Oregon is a state, she will come in "Whig," as sure as life. Our ticket has been defeated in many instances already by this thing. As for myself I ask nor expect anything. I am so far ruined now that I am not any longer able to contend for place at the hands of government. But I do think Lovejoy merits as much as any Democrat in Oregon the favor of this administration. He sets himself down, quietly, under this attempt of some "secret enemies" to blacken his reputation. I am truly sorry for him. Gov. David is in town, informs me that more than likely the question of "convention" has failed by a small vote, owing no doubt in part to a coolness towards the administration at home, and in part to the scarcity of money in the country. Mrs. Shelby & Winnie were well a few days ago. Mr. Shelby is still unsettled--he has written you of the condition of things. I sometimes think he will go home to Indiana, as I most certainly shall do unless things change in Oregon in another year.
    Write me what you think of the intended expedition to "Colorado River" referred to above. What I have written you of certain men & their doings here, I have seen nothing to weaken my belief in their corruption, but rather to strengthen the opinion that they and many more are not "Democrats" from "principle."
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    Your favor by last mail was recd. not in time to answer by return. In it you make mention of a draft on a person hereabouts for a sum. Judge Pratt has just returned from San Francisco, but has not called on me in regard to the draft.
    Genl., I am sadly straitened, but will do all I can to comply with your request. Things have materially changed since you left this Territory in regard to money & business.
    Gov. Davis goes out by this steamer for home, has resigned O.K. For God's sake do not let the President send another from the States. There is timber sufficient in Oregon to make a Governor, surely. I think I wrote you last winter recommending Genl. Adair. If he does not want it, or takes no steps to get it, I now think that Lovejoy is a fit man and entitled to the consideration of the Department as having fully and completely discharged the duties of the office of postal agent, more to the satisfaction than it is possible for the present incumbent to do. This I say knowingly and not by guess.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Dear Genl.
    I wrote you on receipt of your referring to the collection of some money near Oregon City. Judge Pratt has since returned, but I have not seen him. He and I do not "waw waw" much, as he has meddled himself much in my business.
    Mr. Browne, the special agent of the Treasury Department, was here a day or two since, while at Astoria directed Genl. Adair not to pay me further as Surveyor & Inspector--pretty heavy powers, that. He holds that in my case. I have no right to appoint an agent or deputy, and that the letter of the law must be complied with. I don't believe it, or if so, all the officers here or elsewhere will fall under the same rule. King of Portland is frequently absent from home and is let alone, but the absolute residence in my case is required because it is Pratt's view, and that of Guthrie jr. Why, because I did not vote at the spring election for city officers to suit Pratt & Dr. McLoughlin. I voted the Democratic ticket. Pratt is & was Dr. McLoughlin's feed attorney. This accounts for the milk in the "cocoa nut."
    But enough. My rations are cut off. I now am making tinware for a time, but it is all correct.
    This man Browne [said?] that if I would go to Milwaukie the salary would be paid. I could not go, as I can do better here and besides with the certainty of the abolishing by Congress of the office as soon as they shall meet (he assured me it would be done) as a useless port.
    I shall leave for the mines after the matter is decided, as our trip to Colorado is likely to give down, and much I regret it as it would have been the means in a few months of relieving me from all pecuniary embarrassment, which cause, and the utter flatness of business and money matters in Oregon, will I fear finally prevent me from becoming a permanent citizen of this country.
    Guthrie it is understood here has his application at Washington for the place at Astoria. He is unpopular, but is making tall strides in a political way, managed to be nominated & elected (not the choice) to the Assembly and now is fishing for the speakership with no show of success, and at the time asked for the collectorship at Astoria, I know not in what. He is fitted above other men for that post.
    Nat was here the other day, is well and contented, making a little at Corvallis.
P.S. I want it understood that if there was anything to do at Milwaukie I would be glad to attend to it, but as there is not I have taken the liberty of temporary absence.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Hon. Joseph Lane
    My Dear Friend
        Your very kind letter of 3rd August is this moment recd. I have but a moment before the mail leaves to write.
    I admit a degree of impatience perhaps; it would have been otherwise had I been successful in my business here, so that I could have met my engagements, but instead of success I lost clean $400 in 5 months after giving the most diligent attention & economy to it. Now to this add the suspension of the salary of my office and you see my fix. I am in Oregon and [would] like to be for a long time, the Colorado expedition having fallen through. I work at my old business, and am content with circumstances.
    J. Ross Browne has been here. Of his mission & doings I will write you more fully in a few days.
    Some little feeling is getting up in Clackamas County by enemies in regard to the withdrawal of all the federal officers from it.
    Your old friend Waterbury [Waterman?] has been forgotten by you in public docs., scolds a little and the Whigs & enemies plug him about it.
    I am truly sorry to hear of your illness, hope you are better.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Genl. Lane
    Dear Sir
        Yours of 3rd August which was recd. and answered in brief, day before yesterday, I promised to refer to again.
    In the first place not any wish to abandon, even a shadow of a hope, of an early reimbursing you for moneys paid for me, or of leaving any other obligation I owe on earth, but a wish the more speedily to cancel all, at an early day, originated the idea of leaving for a time with a fair prospect of success. But in that experiment as in the balance of my late adventures still another failure.
    On or about the 18th August J. Ross Browne, special agent of the Treasury Department, called on me. To his inquiries I gave decided but civil answers. On the 21st he visited the Custom House, addressed Genl. Adair. The note, a copy of which you have with the Genl.'s note and my reply Browne has, perhaps not by design misrepresented my particular case.
    I came to that position less than a year since; at once I saw the uselessness of an officer at Milwaukie, began to reflect how to employ myself. I appointed Robt. E. Random to act in my absence and made my office at his store. This was giving more attention to the matter than any predecessor had ever given. Browne denies my rights to appoint a deputy. He recognized the "letter" of the law fulfilled. This I think absurd, as this is not done by anyone from the President down--a hundred cases can be cited of exactly the same nature.
    Copy of J. Ross Browne's letter to Genl. Adair, so far as it refers to me (after stating that P. G. Stewart resides 130 miles from his post, has done no duty since his appointment, that there is no trade or commerce at Pacific City, and that the office is only a sinecure) goes on to say:
    "Upon the same grounds I have to request that you will discontinue all further payment on account of compensation or otherwise to the Surveyor & Inspector at Milwaukie (Mr. Dunbar) who also resides and transacts his private business in Oregon City, there being no authority in law for the appointment of a revenue officer at Milwaukie to reside in Oregon City, or for the payment of any such officer under whatever other authority, such an arrangement may be made. Mr. Dunbar has never discharged a vessel since the date of his appointment, or been required to perform a day's service in his official capacity, and the law does not require the office of Surveyor & Inspector at Oregon City.
    "It is evident that both of these offices are sinecures, that there is no necessity for them, and the Treasury is subjected to an expense of two thousand dollars per annum, without the advantage of any equivalent either in actual duty or the protection of the revenue. The appointment of Surveyors, however, not being within the control of collectors of customs, you can only, as in this case, refuse to recognize as a public officer any Surveyor & Inspector who does not "permanently" reside at the port to which he is appointed and make no further payment to him unless so directed by special instructions from the Secretary of the Treasury.
   
    Accompanied with a note from Genl. Adair dated August 28th 1854, the following:
Sir,
    Enclosed I herein forward you a copy of instructions from J. Ross Browne Esqr., Special Inspector of the Treasury Dept., in which he directs me to discontinue payments to you on acct. of compensation unless you reside at the port to which you were appointed.
    I shall be pleased to hear from you on the subject at an early day.
   
    To which I replied as follows:
John Adair Esq.
    Dear Sir
        Yours of 28th August was recd. by last mail, enclosing copy of J. Ross Browne's letters of instructions. It is true I am wholly without a knowledge of the revenue laws of the U.S., but not the law of common sense. This Browne, no matter how high his authority, is guilty of transcending his powers in these instructions and of reporting to the Secretary of the Treasury that which is not true in fact, and of perverting the truth in regard to my residence and the distance. Some duties have been performed by me in person as you know, and all that offered in my department, by myself or deputy.
    If there is an absence of commerce or any use of a revenue officer at Milwaukie, surely it is beyond my control. I neither made the office or prevented commerce.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Genl. Lane
    Dear Sir,
        Yesterday the Democracy of this county put in nomination A. L. Lovejoy Esq., & the Whigs & Know Nothings old man Barlow, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Mr. Guthrie. We will beat them. Passing local matters, I will now give you the news of a general nature affecting yourself. I have frequently referred to the fact that Pratt was your enemy--now all can see it. He is fairly in the field for Congress, has traveled overmuch & goes again over the Territory openly declaring opposition to you, and making use of every scheme to defeat you in the convention. The Standard, as I hinted before, will support him, as he owns much of the whole concern. Now, my dear friend, I will venture, as I often have done before, to detail passing events connected with your interests, not of course for the public eye, still caring little if the parties should know as I shall speak only of facts.
    Influential men, such as Carter, Guthrie & Farrar, will, as they openly declare, support you, only on condition. First Carter--"that you had no agency in the appointment of Jas. Guthrie Jr. to the receiver's office of Oregon. 2nd, Jas. Guthrie Jr. upon condition of your making the contract of the sale of the Island Mills" & taking them back. 3rd, Mr. Farrar, upon the same grounds, openly charging you with "fraud" and misrepresentation, avowing that if you do not make full reparation & satisfaction, that he, Farrar, will take the stump all over this Territory against you. Guthrie says he will resist the payment of the note, even to the Supreme Court of the U.S. These things have come to my knowledge, and whether you will be pleased at a notice of them from me or not I could not let them pass unnoticed, claiming to be a friend of you.
    Pratt is in much of all these movements. There is a chain through which he reaches many of your old friends to try disaffection upon them. P. Foster is against you. Your old friend Strickland, his neighbor, told me the other day that Foster asserted to a crowd that you had stated falsely in your remarks in reply to Lancaster. Strickland backed him out on the spot by putting up $50. Foster knocked under to this old man. "He is a trump." As you are no doubt apprised by others of the workings of the tricksters in Oregon, I will defer saying more at the present, promising that until you require it I shall not stop giving the alarm of the approach of the enemy.
    By last mail I sent you a hasty copy of certain correspondence between myself & Genl. Adair relative to the position at Milwaukie. Since the first day of September I have not nor shall I draw or demand the salary as Inspector at that port, but, when the office is abolished (or if sooner removed), I shall make the demand in a proper manner, if refused will require a formal protest, which demand & protest I will forward to you at Washington with instructions and will not give it up if I have to make Washington in my way home. I am determined to know if a strict "letter" construction of the laws is to be enforced in my case, while almost every other officer of government violates the same every day. If economy & strict conformity to law is required, why every day mail contracts are violated all around us. Many of the clerks (Whigs too), sometimes 3 & 4 at a time, under large salary, in the Surveyor General's Department, leave for days & weeks on a bust or frolic to Oregon City & Vancouver. If the administration require of her officers to play "tyee" at times, for the purpose of keeping up the dignity of the government, why we small fry ought to know it that we might prepare at the start for a clean race. It is acknowledged that there was nothing, not the shadow of commerce, at Milwaukie, no possible business for me to do. Could any man with activity enough to keep clear of the "chills" seat himself upon a "fir stump" & snuff the fogs of Lot Whitcomb's mill ponds! I think not. As an industrious if not prudent man I began to cast about for something which would enable me to meet existing liabilities & provide for those dependent upon me. I set down the awful distance of "6 miles" from Milwaukie and went to work, as you know, not until I had fully established my office at the store & procured the services of Robt. E. Random to act as clerk or deputy in my absence, frequently visiting the place myself & required him that if anything offered at the port out of his reach, to send express for me, day or night. But Random is in bad odor with Whitcomb's slaves & consequently the howl is raised.
   
(Commerce)
    Again if there were urgent duties to perform at that port I would reside there or resign. As to his ideas of economy to the government, Mr. Ross Browne has nothing more to do with it than to report facts to his superiors, and they to Congress. The President if 'tis his pleasure can remove and Congress can abolish as useless and unnecessary the office.
    But I decline to recognize any further interference with my rights as an officer of the government or a citizen. I deny the rights of this or any other power to prescribe where I shall eat, or lodge, so long as I perform all the duties which are required at my hands.
    With much regard for your action in this matter allow me to report myself as always ready either in person or by deputy (Robert E. Random Esq.) to discharge all or any duty required of me connected with my office at Milwaukie, so long as I am not removed or the office not abolished.
   
    The foregoing is the course pursued towards me by this agent of the Treasury Dept. The course I intend to pursue is indicated in my letter to Genl. Davis.
    I have hastily drawn this matter up. I almost doubt if you will fully understand me. But when the office is abolished I then will try to find out whether these gentlemen can for such reason as given refuse the pay because there was no use for the office--or no commerce.
    Perhaps, when the act passes, the bill may provide for payment to date of passage. This would save trouble.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Genl. Lane
    Dear Sir
        In my last letter I promised to write from time to time, and give you some of the political items. Since writing you I have seen Nat, told him how matters stood here. He found them as I told him. He met Guthrie, and upon a fair understanding I think hit upon an amicable adjustment & best of all thereby discovered some of Pratt's corruption and intrigue. Pratt had advised him to resist the payment of those notes, at the same time urged the Nova Scotia lawyer, his (Pratt's) bosom friend, to press suit. These and other items of his corrupt actions are leaking out every day. He is riding & writing all over the Territory, preparing the way for Congress, and is making some headway--a friend of mine from the French Prairie told me that he had seen lots of private political letters written to influential Democrats up there. Amongst other reasons urged against you, he tells them that you are figuring for the Presidency, and are not, nor cannot, render to the Territory that attention which its importance demands. He & Carter & your enemies are bellowing it far & wide that you have neglected & forgotten your friends in correspondence & documents.
    Buck thinks Pratt's chances before the convention good. Stewart thinks you the only man to beat him within the convention. Lovejoy speaks of you to me. Carter says 'tis good for a third man to get you & Pratt by the horns (which perhaps squints of self). Holland, Wait, Holmes, Huelat & co. will support Pratt. Genl. Palmer & myself will not if nominated, because we are satisfied that the work of packing the convention is now going on. Pratt owns the Portland Standard, which will not say a favorable thing for you, unless indeed you should get the nomination. The aforesaid paper would never have been started if your friend Waterman had not been so far committed in your favor. When Bush hoisted your name or gave evidence of your support was the time to see Pratt & co. squirm hereabouts. Philip Foster & Elliott of this city are Know Nothings & went with the Whigs at the special election.
    Now my advice is for you to be on this ground by the sitting of the convention, if possible before. Your friends will do all in their power for you, but in this Babylon in politics may fail against the odds. You no doubt get the news from other quarters in a much better form. I write what comes under my own eye and in this instance but poorly put together, as I have been sick for some days.
    I wish you would have the kindness to say if you recd. the package of paper sent in relation to the Port of Milwaukie--Genl. Adair's letter, copy of one from J. Ross Browne & my reply. I have not the slightest doubt but the government is bound, & will pay until I am removed the salary, though to save trouble the collector of the district had better be ordered to pay until the removal or the bill passes abolishing the offices. I have not, nor will I, demand pay after the 1st September until I know the date of removal, or the passage of the bill.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library



Hon. Joseph Lane
    Dear Sir
        Having written you recently I would not so soon trouble you again but that I have by the last mail received from the "Acting Secretary of the Treasury" the following communication.
   
Sir
    I am directed by the President to advise you that your appointment as Surveyor of the Port of Delivery of Milwaukie is hereby discontinued and that your compensation as such ceased from and after the 31st day of August last.
    The President has deemed it his duty to direct the discontinuance of your office for the reason officially reported to him that you do not reside as the law requires at the port for which you were appointed.
R. W. Dunbar Esq.
    Surveyor of Customs
        Milwaukie
            Oregon Territory
   
    This removal is made no doubt on the report of J. Ross Browne. Of the President's action in my case I cannot complain, made as it is upon this report. Of the report of Browne I do complain as perverting the truth and not telling the whole truth in my case. I have granted to vessels coasting license, collected many steamboat licenses & visited and examined papers of vessels at Milwaukie in person. Had a known dep. instructed, authorized to act in my absence, and directed to notify me day or night if anything occurred beyond his comprehension, and notified the collector that at a moment's notice I would repair to any duty he might assign me. These things were done by me with the almost certainty that no commerce at Milwaukie or within my range would require the least attention from me. Again the report, after stating minutely the distance of P.G. Stewart's residence from his post, says not one word about the distance of my place of stay, but learned it to be informed that it is equal, when you know it is scarcely six miles, with frequent & direct communication by land or water.
    I have been thus particular that as the President has noticed this little matter I wish him to know that no duty which ought to have been attended to has been neglected by me.
    I told Browne that I had carefully appointed a deputy who was fully authorized in my absence, but he declined to report this fact and told me that I had no power of appointing any clerk, agent or deputy, but must be on the spot always to fill the law.
    I think it rather hard that in my case the law is required by its letter, while it is being violated every day all around us by the agents of the U.S.
    The geologist for Oregon, operatives in the Surveyor Genl.'s office, postmaster, mail contractors, judges of courts, the collector & my friend King of Portland, who as you may have noticed was engaged all last summer quarrying rock--I am sure much over six miles from his post of duty. If he had no power to appoint a deputy, with the daily arrival of vessels at Portland his duties were most surely neglected. As a matter of economy to the government, the office at Milwaukie ought long ago to have been discontinued, but it should have been done with fairness to the incumbent.
    I am satisfied that influences of a sinister nature were brought to bear. Holbrook told me himself that he gave him (Browne) much advice--nothing new.
Joseph Lane Papers, OHS Mss 1146, Oregon Historical Society Research Library

Evansville Daily Journal, Evansville, Indiana, April 23, 1855, page 2


(Extracts)
    General:
        I have just returned from a meeting of the citizens called together by the startling intelligence from Rogue River. The volunteers, having moved down from the Big Bend, were camped near the spot on which we rested last before leaving the treaty ground--a part of them only were in camp; the balance were at the mouth of Rogue River. At the dawn of day on the 22nd inst. the camp was surprised and every man killed, as now believed, but two, one escaping to the mouth and one to Port Orford on foot through the hills--arriving here tonight. The one who came in (Charles Foster) escaped by crawling into the thicket and there remaining until dark, and there had an opportunity to witness unperceived much that transpired: He states that he saw the Tututnis engaged in it, who sacked their camp. The party were estimated by him to number 300. Ben Wright is supposed--with Capt. Poland and others--to be amongst the killed. Ben and Poland had gone over to Maguire's house (our warehouse). He had word from the Mikonotunnes that the notorious Eneas (half-breed) was at their camp & that they wished him to come and take him away, and he was on that business. Foster distinctly heard the yelling and the conflict of arms in the direction of the house at the time of the attack and murder of the camp. * * *
    My opinion is that Wright is killed. * * *
    Every ranch but Lundy's has been sacked and burned, and all still as death. * * *
    Dr. White saw many of the bodies lying on the beach (bodies of white men) and went by Geisel's ranch and found the house burned and the inhabitants killed. * * *
    Our town is in the greatest excitement. We are fortifying, and our garrison being too weak to render aid to Rogue River, the major (Reynolds) is making arrangements for protection here, & has sent Tichenor with a request that all abandon R. River and ship to Port Orford. * * *
     Many strange Indians have made their appearance, well armed, & have actually committed many depredations. * * *
    We build a fort tomorrow, in which all are engaged in good earnest--all have enrolled themselves for self-protection, and a night patrol is set. * * *
Yours in haste
    R. W. Dunbar.
Frames 506-508, National Archives Microfilm Publications Microcopy No. 234 Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affairs 1824-81, Reel 609 Oregon Superintendency, 1856.


    Writing from Port Orford in February of 1856, R. W. Dunbar gave a vivid picture of what could happen and what was happening:
    "I have just returned from a meeting of the citizens called together by the startling intelligence from the Rogue River. The volunteers, having moved down from the Big Bend, were camped near the spot on which we rested last night before leaving the treaty ground. A part of them only were in camp; the balance were at the mouth of the Rogue. At the dawn on the 22nd instant the camp was surprised and every man killed, as now believed, but two.
    "Every ranch but Sandy's has been sacked and burned, and all still as death. Dr. White saw many of the bodies (of white men) lying on the beach and went by Geisel's ranch and found the house burned and the inhabitants killed.
    "Our town is in the greatest excitement. We are fortifying, and our garrison being too weak to render aid to Rogue River, Major Reynolds is making arrangements for protection here, and has sent Tichenor with a request that all abandon Rogue River and ship to Port Orford.
    "We build a fort tomorrow, in which all are engaged in good earnest. All have enrolled themselves for self-protection, and a night patrol is set."
Stewart H. Holbrook, "Northwest Hysteria . . . the Indian Wars," Oregonian, Portland, February 21, 1937, page 59


    Mr. Editor:--Of a gentleman just up from Rogue River (distant thirty miles) I learn the startling fact that on Tuesday night last a band of Indians made a descent upon a cabin--some three or four miles up the river--occupied by three young men, on a cattle ranch. Late at night, after they had gone to bed, about fifteen Indians, with a yell, rushed into the cabin, which had, instead of a door, a blanket hung up. Before they could reach their arms, the Indians had them secured, no doubt having learned their locality before the men retired. In the confusion and darkness of the night a struggle ensued; the whites, finding all means of defense gone, rushed through the savages out of the doorway, each making the best of his way for safety. One of the men made good his escape to the settlements at the mouth of the river; the second reached the brush and lay secure until daylight; the third, Stephen Taylor, was killed. The party making his escape gave the alarm at the settlements, and a party of men repaired to the spot to render assistance, if possible, to the two missing men; they found the house in flames and the Indians gone. After daylight, this party made the discovery of the death of Stephen Taylor, whose body was thrown into the river; they also discovered that the Indians had taken a trail towards Pistol River, in a southerly direction across the mountains. By this daring exploit, the Indians secured two good rifles, one revolver, two cans of powder, lead, caps and all of the provisions, blankets &c. with which these men were amply supplied. Great alarm is felt by the settlers, as it has become dangerous for any small party to pass to or from this settlement. A singular fact connected with this circumstance is that this cabin occupied the same spot upon which Capt. Ben Wright was killed, in Feby. 1856, which immediately preceded that disastrous and bloody Indian war.
    It is difficult to say what has brought about this act of the Indians. None of them have been seen in that quarter, previous to this last outbreak, since the war. The impression is that the Indians on our southern border are more numerous than before anticipated, and that having help from some quarter, they meditate a savage revenge for being interrupted and removed from their old country. Several whites have recently been killed, and the lives of others attempted. The people are heavily taxed for self-protection; many of them are, and have been, struggling since the war of 1856 to relieve themselves of embarrassments brought about by that war. They have their all of this world's goods in that locality. Must they be driven out by a savage foe and compelled to abandon all they have again, or may they expect tangible relief? I trust the latter.
Oregon Weekly Times, Portland, May 8, 1858, page 1


Port Orford precinct, Oregon
Robt. W. Dunbar, 48, merchant, personal estate $3000, born in Virginia
U.S. Census, enumerated June 13, 1860


Empire City, Oregon
Robt. W. Dunbar, 57, gold miner, personal estate $200, born in Virginia
U.S. Census, enumerated August 3, 1870


    Mrs. Knapp keeps a small hotel. She is a woman of a large heart, remarkably kind and attentive to visitors; keeps a comfortable house and a good table. She is a German lady of the true type, and is a striking example of what industry, economy and integrity can accomplish. From very small means she and her family have risen to comfort and independence. T. W. Crock, the sub-Collector of the port, resides here, and is quite a favorite with the public. Captain W. Tichenor is the proprietor of the town. He is a gentleman of large property, great experience, mental energy, and is taking an active part in pushing forward the great improvements that are in contemplation at the port. Mr. R. W. Dunbar is stopping at the hotel for a short time on account of his health. He was employed by the government to organize the customs department at Port Orford in December, 1855, and filled the office of Collector for a number of years. He is part owner of what is expected to be a valuable quartz mine on Salmon Creek. He is an intelligent and well-informed gentleman, and a favorite with his friends. There are at present just ten houses at the port, including stores and private residences.
"Letter from Port Orford," Oregonian, Portland, July 8, 1873, page 2


DUNBAR--In this city, January 30, at 1:05 o'clock A.M., Robert W. Dunbar, aged 76 years and 14 days.
San Francisco Examiner, January 30, 1888, page 5




    A bill has been introduced in the House to refer the claim of Robert W. Dunbar for a breach of contract by the government while Dunbar was stationed at Port Orford, Or., under instructions from the Quartermaster General, to the Court of Claims for judgment.
"Congressional Notes," Monterey Cypress, Monterey, California, May 29, 1897, page 1